A SCIENTIOMETRIC AND CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF THE TRACES

Abstract

For a judicial demand to be analyzed appropriately, the evidentiary activity must occur in the most controlled manner possible. In this scenario, expert evidence is how technical and specialized knowledge is presented to the court. Thus, forensic science contributes to the legal context by providing objective information to enhance case resolution. The core element of forensic science lies in the analysis of material traces, which can be defined as essential sources of information for understanding and reconstructing the facts. When this information is effectively used in the legal process, it assumes the form of evidence. However, these concepts can vary. Therefore, this article aims to conduct a literature review of the various concepts of traces and evidence, both on a national and international level, encompassing technical and legal perspectives. Ultimately, the article seeks to integrate these ideas and propose standardization of interpretations.